Iridium

Extreme Properties of Iridium Make It a Strategic Metal

Iridium (chemical symbol Ir) is a rare and ultra-dense metal in the platinum group metals (PGMs). It has a silvery-white luster, and it is extremely hard and corrosion-resistant. Iridium is rarely found in the Earth’s crust and is mainly recovered as a by-product of platinum mining. Due to its scarcity and complex extraction, it holds high economic and strategic value.

Iridium’s thermal stability is exceptional. Its low coefficient of thermal expansion prevents deformation under temperature changes. This property makes it resistant to thermal shock and suitable for precision components used in extreme environments.

With a density of 22.56 g/cm³, iridium is heavier than lead and almost as dense as platinum. This high density increases its resistance to heat and mechanical stress, making it ideal for high-load, high-temperature applications.

Interestingly, iridium forms during nucleosynthesis in stars and can be found in meteorites, supporting the theory that it originated from cosmic explosions. These stellar processes deposited iridium into space dust, later forming planets like Earth. This cosmic origin story adds to the element's uniqueness.


Industrial Uses and Strategic Recycling of Iridium

Iridium is used in high-performance and precision industries. Key applications include:

- Rocket engine nozzles

- Thermoelectric sensors in aerospace

- Medical electrodes, such as pacemaker components

- Dental alloys for added durability

- Semiconductor sputtering targets

- Electrodes in chemical plants

- Luxury items like pen nibs and watch parts

Iridium also plays a role in catalysts and optical instruments. In the electronics sector, iridium powder is increasingly used. The powder’s high purity and fine particle size make it ideal for additive manufacturing, hot gas sensors, electrode materials, and 3D printing of advanced devices.

Given its extremely high cost and limited availability, recycling iridium is essential. Many countries recover iridium from spent catalysts and semiconductor equipment. The recycling process yields high-purity iridium, promoting sustainable metal consumption.

At Dong-A Special Metals, we emphasize iridium recycling as part of our commitment to resource circulation and green manufacturing. As demand for strategic metals grows, iridium’s role in sustainable technology continues to rise.




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